Recently I’ve been reading a lot of articles on the housing market and how it’s been impacted by macro economic policy of the U.S. One article that stands out to clear the air on the roots of inflation and it’s so-called “archenemisis” deflation is Frank Shostak’s Is Deflation Really Bad for the Economy.

I spend a lot of time on mises.org. Not because all my ideas on economics fall in the so-called “Libertarian” camp, although I find many of my own views inline with many Libertarian views, but I can get straight non-partisan, non-baised information on what makes the global economy tick from the likes of mises.org.

It’s not for lack of trying to understand the “conventional” mainstream economic wisdom, but at some point you have to let go and look for greener pastures of understanding. So as we all know, the source of our economic woes was a huge bubble in real estate, prices soared beyond their intrinsic value, investors hedged their bets on those inflated prices and when the cheap credit and cash ran out, prices corrected themselves and we are now experiencing a dramatic price correction in the economy. Unfortunately we are experiencing a huge price correction on all areas of the economy because the real estate industry doesn’t happen in a vacuum. There are many industries that are tethered to real estate, so if real estate gets the “financial flu”, everyone else is going to get “financial pneumonia”.

As stated in the title of Shostaks’ article, “Is Deflation Really Bad for the Economy?”. Well..in the case of the U.S economy yes and no, but overall…No. It’s going to be bad for those individuals who were apart of those jobs in industries that experienced “bubble” prices. Meaning those prices weren’t real and any macroeconomic attempt by the Fed to prop up those inflated prices is a recipe for disaster. The prudent way to go is getting an asset back to it’s “real” price and not the fake “bubble” price. You can’t build off of something that was never supposed to be there in the first place. The “Great Recession” that you are seeing in the U.S. and other economies is a price correction. If there are pockets in the economy that are experiencing a value/price correction, then this is a good thing.

How is any economy going to experience any efficiency or proper recovery if you prop up areas of the economy that are correcting themselves? There are only x-amount of savings and investment resources in the economy and propping up “dead areas” of the economy will create artificial demand (i.e. housing) which is just another bubble. A bubble is just a misuse of resources, not something that is healthy for any economy.

I’ll close with Thomas Wood’s wonderful analogy from his book Meltdown: A Free Market Look at Why the Stock Market Collapsed, the Economy Tanked, and Government Bailouts Will Make Things Worse. No better explanation can sum up the danger that lies ahead if we continue to artificially maintain areas of the economy that deserve a value correction:

Consider a circus that comes to town for a few weeks. A restaurant owner may expand his seating capacity in the false expectation that the circus and the related demand for his food that it brings in its wake will last forever. But when the circus leaves town, he’ll find he has “idle resources” on his hands. We should not want to put these idle resources to work. Doing so would only draw labor and other resources away from other sectors of the economy, where they are employed in the satisfaction of real consumer demand. The expansion of the restaurant should not have occurred in the first place. We should want this bubble activity to shrink back down to size, in order that other, non-bubble activities in the economy can be correspondingly strengthened.

In the wake of a previous, unsustainable boom brought about by the central bank’s credit expansion, the market economy and its price system, left to their own devices, will adopt another arrangement of resources that employs available factors in the service of producing goods and services that correspond to real consumer demand. During the bust, free individuals interacting within the market nexus sort out which projects and business ventures are healthy and sustainable, and which are bubble activities that cannot survive without a constant artificial increase in the money supply, and cannot (and should not) survive now that reality has reasserted itself.

• Tooth Fairy Economics by Thomas Woods
• Our Insane System of mortgage finance? by John Papola
• The Fed Can’t Solve Our Economic Woes by Gerald P O’Driscoll Jr.
• Is Deflation Really Bad for the Economy? by Frank Shostak

Table of Contents

1. My Umbrella Story
2. Windproof Umbrella Conspiracy
3. Now tell me what windproof umbrellas and diamonds have in common
4. Conclusion
5. Related Sources

My Umbrella Story

I know these two products seem like quite the odd couple, but when I finish this post, you’ll see the similarities. About 3 or 4 years ago, I bought this great black windproof umbrella from the Walgreens right around the corner from my house. It was raining like cats, dogs, giraffes, elephants, tigers, and dinosaurs at the time so I was ready and willing to put down some good money for an umbrella, and when I say good money..um that’s about $15.00-$20.00 dollars. Normally I get those cheap-o street vendor $5.00 dollar “I’ll last about 10-minutes in the rain then evaporate” black umbrellas, and when it eventually meets it’s short demise I kindly dunk it in the nearest garbage can with the rest of the $5.00 dollar umbrellas that have been imploded or exploded by the wind or rain.

So I walk into Walgreens and I’m looking at the umbrellas. One side (left) has the the $7.00 – $9.00 dollar umbrellas and the other side (right) has the $13.00 – $15.00 dollar umbrellas. The umbrellas on the left side seem enticing because I know these umbrellas are better then the street vendors and that extra $2-3 dollars will be well spent. I then look over to the right side and see a set of windproof umbrellas and instantly forget I was looking the first set.. I give it a couple looks, test it out for a minute or two and I’m sold. I now own my first windproof umbrella. This umbrella was a champ. No matter how windy or rainy, it held up. No more inverted umbrella embarrassment, no more charging forward and jousting with my umbrella in the wind looking to attack the next pedestrian, and no more buying cheap umbrellas. I have officially upgraded.

A year later I mistakenly left that wonderful black windproof umbrella at a spot I used to get my locks re-twisted (at the time) and the young lady who does my hair (who now cornrows my wife’s hair) found it. I decided to part with my first windproof umbrella and let someone else reap the benefits. I’m pretty sure it was her first windproof umbrella and nothing would make me happier than passing down the legacy. So I go back to the same Walgreens to buy a new windproof umbrella and they only have blue and white (think New York Yankees). I really enjoyed my stealthy black windproof umbrella but I decided to go with the NY Yank themed windproof umbrella and I still have it till this day.

I know at this point you are asking..”Can we get the the diamond part already?”. Yeah, we are almost there, the finale is coming. Like most people you accumulate umbrellas at home because:

1. You forgot that it was going to rain today
2. You didn’t think it was going to rain even though the weather man/woman said it was going to rain (usually he or she gives a T-storm or isolated T-storm type of forecast and you say..”I won’t need it”)
3. You forgot your umbrellas somewhere. Normally when you go out you bring your umbrella because it’s raining. You reach your destination but when you are ready to leave it’s no longer raining. You are either going to remember “Oh its not raining let me bring my umbrella” or “Oh its not raining anymore [internal thought: I did not remember that I had an umbrella because it's no longer raining]

Then you get caught in a rain storm and you need something really quick. So you go with the cheap-o street vendor brand to prevent looking like you just jumped into a pool with your clothes on. Then you bring “I needed an umbrella urgently” no 846 home and soon the section where you keep the umbrellas looks like the area where people put their umbrellas at the door of a hotel. To your benefit, when company comes over and you need to go outside while it’s raining you can just pass them the cheap-o umbrellas while your “top notch top shelf” umbrellas remain in the special section that only you and your family know. It’s like a family secret. “shhh..don’t give them the good umbrellas”.

So a couple weeks ago…yeah you guessed it..I get caught in a rain storm with no umbrella. Damn you weather man. You should by hung, drawn and quartered for your weather prediction blunders. Sorry I digress. I go to my favorite Walgreens spot and I go straight to aisle 7 to pick up a windproof umbrella and to my surprise not one windproof umbrella. I’m shocked. I feel like a 3 year old kid that has been stranded in the airport. Now what? Okay, I’ll just go to your competitor Duane Read which is right around the corner and get it there. So I walk straight to the umbrella section and once again…no windproof umbrellas. I can’t believe this. I’m shocked. So I settle for some umbrella that is worst than the cheap-o street vendor umbrella but I have no choice. At this point, time is short and I don’t have the luxury to shop around.

So where did all the windproof umbrellas go?

Windproof Umbrella Conspiracy

To be honest I’m not sure where they all went. They went from being available like a kit kat in the candy section of any drug store to being scarce like looking for Scarface on VHS in BestBuy. However, I have a couple theories:

1. They fell out of fashion. Like any trend, there was a huge push then for some reason no one wanted them. A simple act of supply and demand. No malicious intent there.
2. Did those stores see a drop-off of their non-windproof umbrellas sales because the windproof umbrellas held up a lot longer? In my case, I usually have to buy several umbrellas a year because they get smashed by strong winds and rain. However, since I bought my windproof umbrella I haven’t had to buy another umbrella. It’s literally been 3-4 years. Let’s do the math:
   1. Hypothetical non-windproof umbrella sales if I didn’t buy my windproof umbrella:
      Roughly 2-3 umbrellas a year at $5-$10 dollars a pop for 3 years = $45-90.00 dollars. Now lets multiply this by several thousand because obviously I’m not the only one buying non-wind proof umbrella. Let’s just say 2,000 people for one store for each year. That’s anywhere between $90K-180K over 3 years.
   2. Hypothetical windproof umbrella sales using my windproof umbrella buying pattern in part a.
      So in 3 years I had to buy 2 wind proof umbrellas because I lost one. For the sake of this exercise, lets say the average person buys 1 wind proof umbrella at the price point I bought my windproof umbrella which was roughly $13 bucks over 3 years:
      1 wind proof umbrella at $13 dollars over 3 years = $13 dollars. Using the same 2,000 people for one store each year that’s 26K over 3 years.

   As you can see the hypothetical gross revenue of the windproof umbrellas is 40% less than the lowest revenue estimates for the non-windproof umbrellas and 85% off the highest revenue estimates for the non-windproof umbrellas.

   I was a lot more careful with my windproof umbrella because of the following reasons:

   1. It was extremely valuable/reliable (product value)
   2. I paid a little bit more so I didn’t want up another $13 bucks where $5 bucks (cheap-o non windproof umbrella) I felt less obligated to be responsible. Not to mention I knew it was going to implode any minute so my care for my non-windproof umbrella was a lot lower and reckless.(behavioral value based on price and quality)
   3. I was also less likely to forget my windproof umbrella at random places because it was a good umbrella.

Now tell me what windproof umbrellas and diamonds have in common

The point of this whole entire hypothetical economic exercise is to demonstrate several key economic and behavioral conditions that impact our buying decisions and patterns. In this scenario (I believe) windproof umbrellas and diamonds are both impacted by artificial or false scarcity.

In this specific case, I believe that windproof umbrellas are experiencing a certain type of “artificial scarcity” because it is less profitable at the low to mid-tier umbrella market to sell windproof umbrellas next to the non-windproof umbrellas. When I say “artificial scarcity” I’m stating that companies are purposely making the availability of windproof umbrellas more scarce because it is less profitable for them in regards to umbrella sales. My wife was just looking for a windproof umbrella and literally had to hunt every single pharmacy (i.e Walgreens, CVS, Duane Reade, etc) in NYC and could not find 1 windproof umbrella. She just happen to be in Home Depot at the time and on a whim looked for a windproof umbrella and found a few. Same price as the one I bought 3-4 years ago, $13 dollars. Even when you go to direct umbrella manufactures and suppliers windproof or wind resistant umbrellas are seldom mentioned. I’m not exactly sure if the distributers and suppliers are in direct “kahoots” with one another, but clearly the availability of windproof umbrellas has been minimized from the manufacturer to the distributer.

So in the case of the diamond industry De Beers buys up tons of diamonds off the market to lower the total amount of available diamonds globally, hence making them “artificially scarce”. Just imagine the natural amount of water that existed in the world was 5 trillion gallons. Then a water corporation, let’s call them De Water, would selectively buy hundreds of millions gallons of water out of the total 5 trillion gallons then put those hundreds of gallons in a water container. Over time the total available gallons would decrease hence making it scarce which means the price per gallon of water would slowly go up. In the case of De Beers just swap out water for diamonds and you’ll get a sense of what we are up against.

Since the late 1800s, De Beers has regulated both the industrial and gemstone diamond markets and effectively maintained an illusion of diamond scarcity. It has developed and nurtured the belief that diamonds are precious, invaluable symbols of romance. Every attitude consumers hold today about diamonds exists–at least in part–because of the persistent efforts of De Beers. Moveover, by monitoring the supply of diamonds throughout the world, De Beers has introduced and maintained an unprecedented degree of price stability for a surprisingly common mineral: compressed carbon. Such unique price stability lies within the cartel’s tight control over the world’s supply of diamonds. De Beers’s operating strategy has been pure and simple: to restrict the number of diamonds released into the market in any given year and perpetuate the myth that they are scarce and should therefore command high prices.

For more details on scarcity and marginality you can go to these great articles from Mises.org on marginality and artificial scarcity.

So simply, prices are impacted (excluding misnomers like government and cartel price controls) by the natural ease or difficulty on the availability, including cost of production, distribution, and manufacturing; of a particular product or resource. In addition there is also “subjective value”, which falls into the area of behavioral economics. (i.e. I prefer the windproof over non-windproff) In the context of diamonds, De Beers, who own roughly 60% of the diamond market have been accused of creating “artificial scarcity”. I don’t disagree with this accusation. They also put together one of the most successful marketing campaigns in history for their diamond business:

Over the last century, De Beers has been highly successful in increasing consumer demand for diamonds. One of the most effective marketing strategies has been the marketing of diamonds as a symbol of love and commitment.
A young copywriter working for N. W. Ayer & Son, Frances Gerety, coined the famous advertising line “A Diamond is Forever” in 1947.[31] In 2000, Advertising Age magazine named “A Diamond Is Forever” the best advertising slogan of the twentieth century.[32]
Other successful campaigns include the “eternity ring” (as a symbol of continuing affection and appreciation), the “trilogy” ring (representing the past, present and future of a relationship) and the “right hand ring” (bought and worn by women as a symbol of independence).

De Beers is also known for its television advertisements featuring silhouettes of people wearing diamonds, to the music of Palladio by Karl Jenkins. A 2010 commercial for Verizon Wireless parodied the De Beers spots.[33]

Conclusion

There are a multitude of psychological, marginal and environmental factors that go into a point of sale for any product. When products are sold there are a multitude of “micro” decisions and conditions that are related to psycho-science and economics. Or in this case, “neuralnomics”, if you will. Some of these decisions can be driven on a subconscious level. If you read how supermarkets sell their products, it reads like some white paper out of psychological science magazine. In many instances the line between psychology and business has become increasingly blurred.

As you can see I find the topic of behavioral economics and the roots of scarcity quite fascinating. You probably had no idea that something as random as windproof umbrellas have been brewing in my mind like this. Although this is a very simplified example, it’s just one example of how many variables can impact the sale of just one product.

• Thanks to Ads, Kids Won’t Take No, No, No, No, No, No, No, No, No for an Answer
• Tag Team: Tracking the Patterns of Supermarket Shoppers by KnowledgeWharton
• What Does Marginality Mean? by Robert P. Murphy
• IP and Artificial Scarcity by Stephan Kinsella
• From Louis Vuitton to the local street-corner brand, umbrellas tested. by Aja Mangum
• Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions by Dan Ariely

In light of the recent Dr. Rand Paul discovery from the public that he (Dr. Paul) would have voted for the 1964 Civil Rights act, but would still allow private companies to determine (by their own criteria) who will patron their business, exists a certain type of duality that deserves some attention. Before I continue, lets look at the definition of duality:

being twofold; a classification into two opposed parts or subclasses; “the dichotomy between eastern and western culture”

So simply, you are straddling two views that oppose each other. so in Dr. Paul’s case he is against institutional racism, but would allow some form of it (he doesn’t realize he is doing this) to protect his “libertarian” (I’ll tell you shortly why this view is not libertarian) view that any involvement of the federal government negates the rights of private companies liberty. In one instance he strangely uses the 1st Amendment to support his view. Freedom of speech and freedom to act are two different things. We must realize that certain acts supersede other acts if the 1st act clashes with the 2nd act.

So now lets look at the definition of Libertarianism defined by David Boaz:

Libertarianism is the view that each person has the right to live his life in any way he chooses so long as he respects the equal rights of others. (Equal Rights of others…hmmm..sound familiar…oh that sounds awfully like the Civil Rights Act of 1964)

Hmm..can someone call Houston? Looks like we have a problem. Now regardless of how you feel about a particular person the key contradiction is allowing any company, individual or entity to discriminate against any well intentioned individual because they own a business, is in complete opposition to the underlying foundation of Libertarianism and the Civil Rights act of 1964. Am I missing something? Now we can have discussion on what “respect the rights” of other means, but denying someone their rights (to protect some ideological view of protecting the rights of private companies) so you can express your rights seems to be a contradiction.

Here’s another example:

In the Quran and related Hadiths it clearly states that all Muslims are prohibited from drinking alcohol. If I don’t drink alcohol, and participate in the production, marketing, distribution, and manufacturing of alcohol, am I still upholding my principles as a Muslim because I’m not literally drinking alcohol? For those suffering with the disease of duality, the answer would be Yes. And for those who don’t, the answer is NO.

Here lies the problem my friends. Dr. Paul and many of you out there…you can’t have it both ways my friend…although I know you want it like that.

This post is well over due but as you know, I have a Boo Bear to deal with, so time is of the essence.

This past Valentines Day I was left speechless with disgust as I witnessed the most horrific scene at our local Applebee’s.

As most of you know, my husband and I do not celebrate Valentines Day for a number of reasons. However, Malik’s mom was visiting us that day and wanted to go out for lunch. Her choice of venue: Applebees. Now, since arriving in the US in 2007, I have never experienced Valentines Day in a public way. Malik and I always stay home on this day; so, to my surprise, I was shocked, literally, into silence, when I witnessed the following scenario.

As we were half way through our meal, a young couple was seated next to us for lunch. At first, everything seemed to be in place. Here was a young man taking his lady out for a meal. Sweet, right? Guess again.

About 15 minutes after they were seated, their food had arrived. From there everything went down hill for this poor young man. His date instantly threw a tantrum. With raised eyebrows, piercing eyes and deathly tone she stated “what is this? This is not broccoli!” For a moment, I looked up at her like she was crazy. That lasted a moment though because it turned out she was a total nut. Her date was like a scared puppy dog, confused on what to do; yet, he signaled for the waiter to come over.

As the waiter approached, she said “what is this? I asked for broccoli.” So, the waiter stated that they were out of broccoli since it was a busy business day and that they had served the mixed seasonal vegetables instead. With her eyebrows now at a 90 degree angle and her eyes piercing anger and fear into her boyfrind and then the waiter, she demanded “I want to speak to the manager.” I thought to myself, how odd, all this hullabaloo over a side of seasonal vegetables.

The manager approached, apologizing for the lack of broccoli, stating that he would change the entire meal with no charge. At this, the young woman just rolled her eyes, looked at her date and waved her hand NO! The manager continued to explain the situation further but she was not willing to hear another word.

After about a 7 minute argument about broccoli and seasonal vegetables the lady stands up, puts her coat on, glares at her date and walks out of the restaurant; leaving her date fumbling with his meal, glasses, keys and wallet. I was in complete and utter shock, as were so many other customers there that afternoon.

This is just one incident that I witnessed of many similarly maddening situations. The sad part about all of this is that I realize that for too many women, a relationship is rarely about the quality time spent together and more so about where they dine, what gifts they receive, what holidays are celebrated and how they define appreciation.

Ladies, a strong and successful relationship is not built or based on what restaurant you dine at or what vegetables come with your side. Ladies, stop looking and man-made holidays for love and appreciation. Focus on finding a good man who loves you 365 days a year, who appreciates you 365 days a year, who will be a good husband to you 365 days a year, who will be a good father to your children 365 days a year and who will randomly show you his love in his own way through the year.

Men, PLEASE STOP CATERING TO WOMENS INSECURITIES AND MAN-MADE HOLIDAYS. Give only when YOU want to and avoid forced traditions because you think it is expected of you. Show your woman your love in your own unique way. Once you begin to do that you will be happier, sincerer and more respected.

I think the economic verdict on the global economy is in, The Age of Thrift is here. Not the technology age, or the industrial age, not even the age of Aquarius. The Joneses are now officially out of power. The citizens of America and the world are getting a dose of reality that they haven’t seen since the Great Depression. Is this the Great Depression for the vast majority of folks? No, but it depends who you talk to. To be honest, I don’t know, but people are hurting out there, even the well to do are getting hammered too. Should we really have sympathy for someone who has to get a Caramel Macchito once a month instead of everyday? Should we have sympathy for someone who has to forgo buying a Mercedes Benz for a Honda Accord? Probably not.

So what exactly is the Age of Thrift? Simply, less spending more saving. Less dependency on credit, if not none. Unfortunately all the financial analyst, economic think tanks and fancy economists in the world were unable to influence the government on properly managing the economy. Even the czars of Wall Street were intoxicated by greed, wait a minute, did I just say that?. LOL I applaud the Obama administration for trying to rescue the economy from a prolonged economic catastrophe, but I feel the damage has already been done. Let me be clear on this issue, you don’t need a Phd to understand that Cash is King. Typically used as a term to highlight the importance of having the proper cash flow in a business, a household is no different. The American people are getting the message, the personal savings rate is around 3.8%. We shouldn’t be celebrating yet, Americans still have spending and debt problem. Not to mention the personal savings rate should be more around 10%.

Keep in mind that the last time the Dow Jones Industrial Average was around 7900, was in September of 2002. Everyone is asking, “What will it take to get out of this?”. No one knows (not even the $3,000 dollar suit wearing financial professionals), but it’s time to get your “thrift on”. The global economy will have to contract further before it gets back on track. We have too much stuff in the economy, and not enough people with the proper disposable income to buy all the stuff. Hopefully being frugal will become a badge of honor and not a badge of ostracization. If it hasn’t set in how important saving is, check out this video from Citigroup CEO Vikram Pandit who watched the value of Citigroup go crashing and burning in 2008. Even the billion dollar entity isn’t immune to thrift (at least on a corporate level). Lets welcome the Age of Thrift.

Throwback: This post was written in November of 2006 and I decided to resurface it on the front page as a reminder that “buyer beware”. In these very uncertain economic times we need to be reminded how these corporations have tried to control our mind and buying patterns since the inception of mass media marketing and the study of consumer psychology.

Url: http://www.whyihatethejoneses.com/2006/11/slave-fashion-dominatrix-prices/

I wish I was the one who actually came up with this subject line, but I wasn’t and it’s related to this current post. The topic of this post is something I’ve been meaning to post for a couple weeks now. I actually read this promo on the 1 Train tonight one stop before my stop in the Bronx (231st Street). The full promo is “Slave to Fashion Dominatrix to Prices”. It was created by the discount fashion store Daffys. It was a poster ad on the train. Black background, bold yellow lettering with DAFFYs at the bottom in smaller font.

So what’s the significance of Daffy’s and this post? Mainly to bring light to the power of corporate marketing and peoples behavior. Another reason is to highlight a really eye opening documentary I saw called the Corporation. It is Canadian produced documentary that delves into the nature, history, meteoric rise of the entity we now know as the corporation. I’m not going to delve to deep into the documentary but I will state one significant fact.

Fact: When a set of scientists characterized the behavior of most corporations using actual diagnostic criteria of the World Health Organization and the DSM-IV, the standard diagnostic tool of psychiatrists and psychologists the came up with one defining behavior and the behavior was that of a psychopath.

Yes folks a psychopath. Now this is not a scare tactic, but more of an attempt to open our eyes to understand who we really are. This is a chance to think within and try to really understand who you are. Are you really who you think you are? Or are we just a jumble of neurotic impulses trained to the needs of various sorts of marketing and corporate agendas? Who are we really? Think about the clothes you wear? Your religion of choice? Or maybe the reason for not becoming part of what many consider organized religion? Your job and occupation of choice? The foods you eat? The person you chose as a wife? Husband? Boyfrend? Girfriend, etc. How about the traditions you choose to participate in? Think about where your motivation comes from to participate in certain cultures and patterns of behavior? Do you worship the traditions, mannerisms, and lifestyle of so-called “dominant cultures” or do you appreciate your own indigenous and ancient roots? What about the music you buy, and the lifestyle you choose to participate in? Have you ever asked yourself..What are my true intentions behind this act?

I had a conversation with a good friend of mine and asked me “Yo, why don’t you drink alcohol?”. I said, “We’ll, why do you drink alcohol?” He said because it makes me feel good and relaxed. I said, well NOT drinking alcohol makes me feel good and relaxed too so we have something in common. He gave me a baffled look. Keep in mind that me and my boy feel exactly the same, yet the outcome for my boy is maybe $50 dollars less in his pocket after a long night of drinking, a brain soaked in a depressive stimulant, and headache the next day. Same feeling, different outcome. Why can’t we think outside of the box of what Budweiser, Remy, and Courvoisier or any other corporation tells us to be? We have the power to choose outside of what corporations impose on us. Don’t be afraid to step outside of what any other so-called “civilized” culture tells you to be. You always had the power to choose, but the corporations, political organizations, spiritual hijackers and countless other blind followers would have you believe otherwise. You are not sheep. Don’t be afraid to choose the traditions and concepts that encourage proper development of self. A sound and conscious mind is a never-ending journey and a battle worth fighting for.

“That’s the information, you can either take it and be intelligent or you
can throw it away and be retarded.” – Sista Souljah

Other links and Related information: